Lung Cancer Doctor in Kolkata
Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer that begins in the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body. It primarily affects the lungs where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is expelled. Though it particularly affects smokers, but it can also have a huge impact on non-smokers. Lung cancer is divided into two main types: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), each with different treatment approaches. The lung oncologist in Kolkata provides comprehensive care according to individual needs and preferences. Let us explore the important aspects of lung cancer, including its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and available treatments.
Lung Cancer Symptoms
Lung cancer symptoms can often be subtle in the early stages, making it hard to detect. However, there are some important warning signs to watch out for:
Persistent Cough
A constant cough that doesn’t go away with medications or other home remedies
Chest Pain
Chest pain that worsens with breathing or coughing
Difficulty Breathing
Shortness of breath or wheezing
Coughing Up Blood
Coughing up blood
Fatigue and Weight Loss
Tiredness and unexplained weight loss
Voice Changes
Harshness in voice
Recurring Respiratory Infections
Repeated respiratory infections like bronchitis or pneumonia
It is important to be aware of these lung cancer symptoms, especially for those who are at higher risk, such as smokers or individuals with a family history of lung cancer.
Lung Cancer Causes
The main cause of lung cancer is exposure to harmful substances that damage lung cells. Some of the most common lung cancer causes include:
Smoking
This is the leading cause, accounting for around 85% of lung cancer cases. Tobacco smoke contains over 70 carcinogenic chemicals that can damage lung tissue over time.
Exposure to secondhand smoke
Even non-smokers who are regularly exposed to tobacco smoke are at risk.
Exposure to carcinogens
Asbestos, radon gas, and industrial chemicals can contribute to lung cancer.
Family history
A genetic predisposition may also play a role, though this is less common.
Environmental factors
Air pollution and exposure to harmful fumes can increase the risk of developing lung cancer.
Lung Cancer Stages
Lung cancer is divided into stages depending on how much the cancer has spread:
Stage 1
The cancer is confined to the lungs and has not spread to nearby lymph nodes.
Stage 2
The cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes or tissues.
Stage 3
The cancer is in the lungs, nearby lymph nodes, and possibly the middle of the chest.
Stage 4
The cancer has spread to other organs, such as the liver, bones, or brain.
It is crucial to understand the lung cancer stages to determine the appropriate treatment options and predict the lung cancer recovery rate.
Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Accurate lung cancer diagnosis is crucial to determine the right treatment plan. Diagnosis involves:
Imaging tests
A chest X-ray or CT scan can reveal abnormalities in the lungs.
Biopsy
A sample of tissue from the lung is taken to examine the cells under a microscope.
Bronchoscopy
A thin tube is inserted through the nose or mouth to look at the lungs and collect tissue samples.
Molecular testing
This can be done to identify specific mutations in the cancer cells, which can guide targeted therapies.
Early diagnosis can significantly impact the effectiveness of lung cancer treatment, which is why regular check-ups and screenings are vital, especially for high-risk individuals.
Lung Cancer Treatment
Several treatments are available, depending on the lung cancer type, stage, and overall health of the patient. Common lung cancer treatment methods include:
Radiation therapy
This is often used alongside other treatments to diminish the tumour or kill cancer cells.
Chemotherapy
This involves the use of powerful drugs to destroy cancer cells. Lung cancer chemotherapy is commonly used in more advanced stages or when the cancer has spread.
Targeted therapy
These are drugs designed to target specific genetic mutations in cancer cells, providing a more personalized approach.
Immunotherapy
This newer treatment helps the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells.
For those seeking the best care, get lung cancer treatment in Kolkata. The lung oncologist in Kolkata provides patients with access to advanced medical facilities and a comprehensive approach to managing lung cancer effectively.
Lung cancer is a serious but treatable condition, especially if detected early. Whether you need a diagnosis or exploring treatment options, seeking expert advice from a leading lung oncologist in Kolkata can make all the difference in the journey toward recovery.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can lung cancer be prevented?
Preventive steps include avoiding smoking, reducing exposure to secondhand smoke, testing for radon, and wearing protective gear around carcinogenic substances.
What is the survival rate for lung cancer?
Survival rates vary depending on the stage at diagnosis, type of lung cancer, and treatment response, with early detection significantly improving outcomes.
What are the types of lung cancer?
The two main types are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is more common, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), which is more aggressive and tends to spread quickly.
How can lung cancer be detected early?
Low-dose CT (LDCT) scans are used for screening high-risk individuals, such as heavy smokers, which can help detect lung cancer at earlier, more treatable stages.
Is lung cancer hereditary?
While most lung cancers are not hereditary, a family history can slightly increase the risk, especially in non-smokers, due to genetic mutations that can be inherited.