Endometrium Cancer
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Endometrium Cancer Doctor in Kolkata
Symptoms of Endometrial Cancer
Symptoms of endometrial cancer include
- Unusual vaginal bleeding, such as changes in the menstrual cycle or bleeding between periods.
- Pain or discomfort in the pelvic region.
- Vaginal bleeding or spotting after menopause.
Reach out to the endometrium oncologist in Kolkata for guidance if you notice any of these symptoms.
Causes of Endometrial Cancer
Hormonal Imbalances
Increased Oestrogen Exposure
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Obesity:
Excess body fat can cause hormonal changes, particularly increasing oestrogen, which raises cancer risk.
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Diabetes:
This condition may lead to higher levels of oestrogen, contributing to endometrial cancer risk.
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):
Irregular ovulation linked to PCOS often causes an increase in oestrogen relative to progesterone.
Post-Menopausal Hormone Therapy
Prolonged Exposure to Menstruation
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Early Menstruation:
Starting periods before the age of 12 increase the total number of menstrual cycles over a lifetime, exposing the endometrium to more oestrogen.
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Late Menopause:
Women who enter menopause later also have prolonged exposure to oestrogen, raising the risk of endometrial cancer.
Older Age
Obesity
If you notice any of these symptoms, consult the doctor for gynecological cancer treatment in Kolkata.
Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer
Imaging Tests
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CT Scan:
A series of detailed images of the inside of your body are taken using X-rays, providing a comprehensive view of internal organs and tissues.
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MRI Scan:
This test uses radio waves and a powerful magnet to generate detailed images of soft tissues in the body.
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Transvaginal Ultrasound:
A specialised probe is inserted into the vagina to capture images of the uterus, providing a closer look at the uterine lining and other structures.
Other Diagnostic Tests
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Endometrial Biopsy:
A thin, flexible tube is inserted through the cervix into the uterus to collect a small tissue sample from the endometrium for examination.
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Hysteroscopy:
A long, thin tube with a light and camera (hysteroscope) is inserted through the vagina and cervix to visually inspect the uterus and capture detailed images.
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Dilation and Curettage (D&C):
A more invasive procedure where uterine tissue is removed for examination. This procedure is done in an operating room under anaesthesia.
Staging of Endometrial Cancer
The stages of endometrial cancer are as follows:
Stage I: Endometrium Cancer Confined to the Uterus
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Stage IA:
Cancer is limited to the endometrium or has invaded less than half of the muscle layer of the uterus.
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Stage IB:
Cancer has spread to more than half of the myometrium but remains within the uterus.
Stage II: Endometrium Cancer Spreads to the Cervix
Stage III: Regional Spread of Endometrium Cancer
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Stage IIIA:
Cancer has spread to the outer surface of the uterus or fallopian tubes, ovaries, or other tissues within the pelvis.
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Stage IIIB:
Cancer has spread to the vagina or nearby tissues.
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Stage IIIC:
Cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes within the pelvis or around the aorta.
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IIIC1:
Spread to pelvic lymph nodes.
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IIIC2:
Spread to para-aortic lymph nodes (nodes higher up near the aorta).
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Stage IV: Distant Spread of Endometrium Cancer
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Stage IVA:
Cancer has spread to the bladder or bowel lining (locally advanced spread).
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Stage IVB:
Cancer has spread to distant organs, such as the lungs, liver, or bones (distant metastasis).
Treatment of Endometrial Cancer
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Hormone Therapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted Therapy
It employs drugs that specifically target cancer cells to prevent their growth and spread.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the survival rate for endometrial cancer?
Can endometrial cancer come back after treatment?
Can endometrial cancer be prevented?
Can endometrial cancer affect fertility?
Endometrial cancer treatment can impact fertility. Women diagnosed with endometrial cancer who wish to preserve their fertility should discuss options with the doctor before treatment begins.